Oklahoma Citys architectural identity is embodied in the all-too-often competitive forces of historic preservation, innovation, development and destruction.
Iconic structures like Stage Center and Union Bus Station have been demolished or slated for removal over the past year, causing some to question the citys commitment to conserving its architectural art.
At the same time, renovation projects like Mayfair Apartments and 309 Monterey revive aging structures in ways that also embrace modern concepts.
It was the vision of tomorrow that really spurred a lot of demolition in Oklahoma City, David Pettyjohn, executive director of Preservation Oklahoma, said in reference to the mid-century urban renewal projects and todays effort downtown to remove old buildings to make way for new skyscrapers.
The city experienced an architectural renaissance in the mid 20th century as iconic buildings like the Gold Dome and Founders Tower were built following the popular Googie style, which uses geometric, futuristic shapes inspired by car culture and the Space Age.
Another building boom occurred in the 1980s when Valliance Bank Tower, One Leadership Square and Union Plaza were constructed as symbols of economic power.
Today, OKCs economic growth propels continued building, most notably of Devon Energy Tower, completed in 2012. However, Pettyjohn said plans for additional high-rises also impact the possible survival of the central business districts few remaining historic structures, pushing the city closer to a homogenized city center.
One of the great things about historical architecture is it provides diversity to a city, he added. When you now look at [downtown] and what its becoming, its pretty much just glass and steel and parking garages.
However, even recent garage construction displays our citys growing fascination with unique design. The new Arts District Garage near City Hall used a Federalist Deco style that also added bright color to west downtown.
Our goal was to have a garage that blended parking with office and retail in a highly pedestrian environment and also complemented the current architecture in the area, Central Oklahoma Transportation and Parking Authority (COTPA) Director Jason Ferbrache said in November at its opening.
While much of downtowns new development reaches skyward, the Midtown neighborhood a few blocks north appears more eager to take on renovation projects when creating new apartments, restaurants and shops. Built in 1931, The Mayfair Apartments, 1315 N. Broadway Place, reopened last year with an ultramodern interior.
Wed always kind of looked at the [Mayfair] and thought it could be really cool, said Jana Krauss, a property manager with Midtown Renaissance, the company that owns Mayfair Apartments. We wanted to make it something you wouldnt expect to see in an old building like this.
The 13 apartments inside utilize straight lines and white surfaces in their ultramodern and contemporary design features.
Just a few blocks away, 309 Monterey's preservation project also emphasizes its modernist influence. Built in 1947 as a Chrysler-Plymouth sales-and-service shop, the open-air interior was retrofitted with 13 stacked shipping containers, each serving as an office. Shipping container repurposing is a growing trend locally. Other projects, including OK Sea, also used them.
Mayfair Apartments, 309 Monterey and OK Sea are part of Saturdays 14th annual AIA Architecture Tour, hosted by the Central Oklahoma chapter of the American Institute of Architects (AIA).
AIA dubbed this week Architecture Week in OKC. It runs through Saturday. A series of related events include a presentation on endangered buildings (see okgazette.com for more coverage from Tuesdays event), a photography competition and an awards ceremony Friday.
Weve had Architecture Week since 2001, which includes the big tour of five residential and three commercial projects, said Melissa Hunt, local AIA chapter executive director. We usually have about 600 people who want to attend the tour.
Hunt said this week not only celebrates the work of the architecture community but allows the public an opportunity to expand its understanding and appreciation of the roles building and design play in our citys history and ongoing development.
If youre a non-architect, you would probably latch onto the Devon Tour that is so visible, and thats a great project, Hunt said. But we have many other projects that we are excited about. I have seen a huge transformation in the types of styles we now see.
Modern, unique
Beyond renovation and demolition, the city also is experiencing an increase in new, modernist-influenced housing construction.Architects like Ken Fitzsimmons of TASK Design interior and architectural design firm credit that growth to the regions willingness to take imaginative risks.
I think people are definitely not as afraid to try and do something unique as they used to be, said Fitzsimmons, who designed the 828 Residence, located in the growing SoSA (South of St. Anthony) neighborhood, another building on Saturdays tour.
The dwellings modernist design features clean lines and a boxy shape. At the same time, it also incorporates many practical features often included in older homes.
It is one of several contemporary homes that blend both modern and traditional elements as SoSA becomes a city hub for residential design.
Being an Okie, its got to work, its got to meet the budget and you use whats available, Fitzsimmons said. But I think we also try to make it unique while also being something that fits here.
Kayla Baker, co-owner of Northline Development, said both modern and contemporary styles are growing in popularity across the city. Northline owns the 828 Residence.
I felt like there was never really a product that I wanted to buy in Oklahoma City. I went down to Dallas and found this modern duplex that I fell in love with, and I started to use that idea here, Baker said. If you want something like this, you have to venture out on your own, which is scary to a lot of people. Personally, I think building a traditional home is more risky.
While some of the areas modern architectural styles already exist in other markets, many of these buildings also have unique aspects and pay homage to our states culture. As Fitzsimmons said, a scaled-down budget becomes more important here when compared to prices in places like New York or Los Angeles. And architects add personalized touches to their work.
Butzer Gardner Architects (recently renamed Butzer Architecture and Urbanism) cleverly designed the Classen Residence, 925 NW Eighth St., in ways that allow its outside appearance to complement its surroundings, said Torrey Butzer.
The homes Classen-facing side is a flat, three-story surface that mimics the industrial look of its surroundings. From Eighth Street, however, the structure more closely resembles a house, including an angled roof and a mixture of cedar and metal construction elements that uniquely emulate neighboring homes.
Butzer said her team did not want a blank wall facing Classen, so various panels were used to spell out the owners name in Morse code, providing an artistic look that still had personal meaning to the owners.
I think its really very poetic that it has meaning to the client with personal features that those driving by might not even realize, Butzer said.
Brian and Ann Dell own Classen Residence, and their goal was to build an uncomplicated house in the citys core.
We relied on our architects, and we are very happy with what they did for us, Ann Dell said. They used the space really well; there is enough room, and we arent too crowded even though its a smaller home. It kind of fills our needs perfectly.
OKCs style
As cities often work hard to build reputations for food and music, distinctive architecture can also help establish and maintain a citys prominence. New York City, Chicago and San Francisco have identifiable, unique styles that enhance and reflect each citys history and personality. Smaller cities like Indianapolis, Indiana, and Charlotte, North Carolina, are now drawing more national and international attention, too.By American standards, Charlotte is an old city, but it has undergone a huge transformation in the last few decades, said Christopher Henry, a writer with architectural website ArchPaper.com. It is now the second-largest banking center in the United States, and this is partly reflected in its growing skyline.
Its finance sector growth shaped the citys architectonic feel, much like Oklahomas oil and gas industry influenced OKCs own idiosyncratic skyline.
Even at the street level, cities like Charlotte have embraced distinct style touches that help define neighborhoods and give them a personalized feel.
Its also happening here, where projects like Dust Bowl Lanes & Lounge in Midtown creatively utilizes color and signage to help it stand out.
I think people are beginning to expect something that is different or [unique], Fitzsimmons said. What people are willing to take on is changing.
Celebrating design
Architecture Week offers a platform to celebrate the way our city looks, which, in turn, impacts the way our city feels, Hunt said.I dont know if the average citizen understands the importance of architecture and design, but it seems like, as a community, we are becoming more aware, he said.
Hunt said Saturdays self-guided 2015 AIA Architecture Tour offers people opportunities to learn about and gain a deeper appreciation for the ways developers and architects help enhance our citys look and feel.
I think that it is a great time to be an architect here and a great time to really play a role in how the city is being shaped, Butzer said. It seems like there are lots of new buildings out there that are done in fresh ways and not just old, traditional ways.
Tour tickets are $12 in advance and $15 the day of the event and include a printed tour guide with detailed information about each of its eight locations, including the history of each particular building style.
The more people pay attention to their surroundings I think is only a good thing, and architecture helps you do that, Butzer said.
Print headline: History hereafter, This week celebrates the incredible talent that helps design, develop and define our citys distinctive architecture.